The Closing Argument
In the case of proper Closing Wheel
Systems vs. Seed Spacing
When it comes to boosting yield potential with
planter settings many elements are of arguably equal
importance. However, the one key element that seals the
fate of a yield increase is often over-looked; planter
closing wheels. The best hybrids or perfect seed
spacing can be rendered useless if the seed trench
is less than ideally-closed to kick start emergence.
The proper selection of the right type of closing
wheel coupled with adequate down force are crucial
to successful seeding. Rubber and spike are the two
most popular style of closing wheels
being used for seed trench closure.
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Angle Tooth Closing Wheel Attachment |
 Close
Wheel Adjustment Handle
|
Down
force on rubber closing wheels and especially spike
closing wheels should be adjusted to the soil type
and real time conditions. Most planters sold today
come standard with an adjustment handle that makes
adjusting down force quick and easy. Planters that
are in service can be updated. |
Rubber tire closing wheels normally require more
down force than their spike counter parts. Too much
down force on rubber wheels can cause soil compaction,
creating a hardened layer of soil that resists seed
emergence. The wetter the soil, the more this holds
true. Inadequate down force can create a situation
known as “open seed
trench syndrome” where both sides of the seed trench
lightly touch each other and open as the soil begins to
dry. Seed is then exposed to the elements reducing
germination and emergence, therefore resulting in a reduction of yield
potential. Rubber closing wheels are best suited for lighter,
dryer soils.
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Rubber Close Wheel Attachment |
Spike closing wheels are growing in popularity primarily
to the many benefits this method of seed trench closing
provides. Earlier planting dates present less than ideal
soil conditions, spike wheels rise to the occasion fracturing
and churning the soil along the seed trench for improved
seed to soil contact. In most cases the down force can
be set in mid to light range and still provide ample amounts
of pressure for closing the furrow. The churning action
of the fingered wheel eliminates sidewall compaction allowing
the developing roots more space to establish themselves.
Rated best for less than perfect soil conditions spike
closing wheels can achieve desirable closing results in
heavier wetter soils.
In recent studies a significant amount of
attention has been focused on seed spacing, population
and final ear count. Failure to properly select and adjust
a closing wheel system will negatively impact yield potential.
Late or non-emergence of plants caused by incorrect or
misadjusted closing wheels is a yield barrier. If the seed
trench is not closed properly, then the previous decisions
that have been made to improve yield will be lost. This
planter attachment decision will help provide consistent
and uniform emergence which is the foundation for maximum
yield potential.
